Difficult for doped to change their habits, even when a drug misused by 2.2% of sports going on the list of substances banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency. The six Georgian wrestlers, two Ukrainian biathletes, Russian cyclist, the Swedish skier half and Ethiopian marathon runner, all recently tested positive about meldonium (or strongly suspected at present to have taken) they only knew that this substance was prohibited since 1 January 2016?
"Boosting the heart cells"
We must expect many more cases in the weeks to come ... In 2015, the Institute of Biochemistry and Preventive Research Center doping Cologne had found meldonium in 8320, 2.2% of urine samples randomly collected during doping controls in professional sports. This study (1) was conducted to draw up an inventory of its use and calibrate future analyzes. Strength sports were overrepresented (67%), ahead of endurance sports (25%). The German University aavait raised in the scientific literature two publications showing positive effects on the performance of athletes by "increased endurance, recovery, protection against stress and improved functions of the nervous system activations central".
Developed in Latvia in 1975, meldonium marketed in the former Soviet republics as the Mildronate, is used for the prevention of myocardial infarction and treatment of its sequelae. By a curious coincidence, while WADA decided to ban the sport, one of its principal inventors, Professor. Ivars Kalvins, appeared last year among the finalists of the European Inventor Award the European Patent Office, in the category lifetime Achievement. The candidate presentation video praised the potential of the drug "(Kalvins) is an endogenous substance which, when administered in high doses, produces a doping effect on the cells. This is the about meldonium It reduces the deposition of toxic residues in muscle infarction and feeds the same time the cells with more oxygen. "
Dr. Sergei Illjukov, sports physician and consultant for the Estonian Anti-Doping Agency, is rather skeptical about the virtues: "The meldonium is used as part of combination therapy in combination with other medicines for diseases that occur ischemic changes (arterial blood supply to an organ), but in itself is a rather low drug. I've never used it because I see it as a bad medical practice not based on any evidence. " Since 1 January 2016 the meldonium is categorized Hormone and metabolic modulators by WADA. According to Dr. Illjukov, its use is absurd not only for patients but also for sport: "Its effects on athletic performance are exaggerated WADA's banned on the basis of dubious evidence and changing sounds.. it's a shame, but the rules are made to be followed! "
The Estonian doctor believes that its use remains less of a physiological interest of an old ideology: "He persists in Eastern Europe the idea that elite sport is harmful to health and that there needs to support the body with substances to protect it. to say that is about meldonium doping seems ridiculous to Eastern Europeans ears, for them it is more of a 'vitamin that protects the heart'. This comes the time when doping was first used to 'protect the health of athletes. "it is a ridiculous misunderstanding, but some still believe ..."
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